MONGOLIA GENERAL INFORMATION
The more you know about the country and culture before you go, the more enjoyable and successful your trip will be whether for business or pleasure.

Mongolia is a remarkable country where ancient traditions seamlessly merge with the legacy of Chinggis Khaan. As the last stronghold of true nomadic culture, Mongolia stands apart as the only nation that has preserved its traditional way of life. With vast open steppes, endless blue skies, and pristine wilderness, it remains one of the world’s most untouched and breathtaking destinations.

In an era of rapid globalization, Mongolia offers a rare and authentic travel experience. It is one of the few places where visitors can witness centuries-old customs still practiced today, alongside some of the most spectacular landscapes on Earth. Tucked between Russia and China, Mongolia remains an undiscovered gem, renowned for its remote, sparsely populated terrain and unparalleled natural beauty. Here, the nomadic lifestyle continues to thrive, reflecting a heritage unchanged for over a millennium.

The country’s vast steppes, towering mountain ranges, and crystal-clear lakes provide a wealth of activities for all types of travelers. Whether you seek an introduction to the nomadic way of life or are an experienced adventurer in search of a unique expedition, Mongolia offers an unparalleled journey. The legendary Gobi Desert, the pristine waters of Khuvsgul Lake, and the majestic Khentii and Khangai Mountain ranges are just a few of the country’s awe-inspiring natural wonders waiting to be explored.

Mongolia is one of the last places on Earth where history is not merely preserved for tourism—it is lived every day. For those seeking an adventure that combines history, nature, and unparalleled hospitality, Mongolia promises an experience like no other.

Facts about Mongolia
  • Official Name:
  • Mongolia
  • Area:
  • 1,565,000 square kilometers (604,800 square miles)
  • Population:
  • 3,544,835 (2024), 2,2 person per sq. km (4 persons per sq. mi)
  • Capital:
  • Ulaanbaatar (2,479,930 people live in the city, 2023)
  • Official Language:
  • Over 90% Khalkha Mongol (‘Mongolian Language’).
  • Major Religions:
  • 94 Buddhist and over 4% Shamanism. Also Christians and Muslim
  • Literacy:
  • Very high, in excess of 92.9%
  • Ethnic groups:
  • 85% Mongol, mostly Khalkha Mongol.
  • Prominent Features:
  • Gobi desert, grasslands, salt and fresh water lakes
  • Highest Peak:
  • Tavan Bogd Uul, 4,374 m
  • Mountain Ranges:
  • Altai, Khangai, Hentii
  • Political system:
  • Parliamentary republic. President elected for 6 years.
  • Voting Qualification:
  • All citizens above 18 years of age
  • Political Divisions:
  • 21 provinces and 1 autonomous municipality, Ulaanbaatar
  • Major Cities:
  • Ulaanbaatar (1,417,396), Darhan (101,879), Erdenet (101,891)
  • Chief Manufactured & Mined Products:
  • Food products, textiles, chemicals, leather, construction materials, fluorspar, copper, molybdenum, gold
  • Chief Agricultural Products:
  • Crops – wheat, potatoes, vegetables; Livestock – sheep, goats, cattle, horses, camels

Location
Mongolia is a land-locked country in the North-East Asia bordering China with 4.673 km in the south and Russian Federation with 3485 km in the north. The total territory of the country is 1.566 million square kilometers making approximately 1 square kilometers per 1.6 persons and 18th largest country in the world. The territory of Mongolia is larger than territories of Great Britain, Germany France & Italy together.

Geography
Mongolia encompasses a wide range of terrain, with mountains, grassy steppes, and vast flat desert. Most of the north and west of the country is mountainous or hilly grasslands; the Gobi Desert takes up most of the south and the east. The country is land-locked, and although there are lakes and streams in certain areas, the combination of the terrain and low water supply means that a very small percent of the land is arable.

Climate
Average summer temperature +20’C, average winter temperature -26’C, average rainfall 200-220 mm. Winter lasts from November to late April, Spring from May through June, Summer from July through September.

Wildlife
Mongolia has 136 mammal species, almost 400 different types of birds and 76 species of fish